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SENIAM recommended Trunk Posterior Quasi-specific site

M. Multifidus

Multifidus (Multi R)

Electrode Placement (SENIAM)

On the line from the caudal tip of the posterior superior iliac spine to the L1/L2 interspace, at the level of the L5 spinous process - about 2-3 cm from the midline

OrientationIn the direction of that line; inter-electrode distance max. 20 mm, electrode size max. 10 mm along the fibres

Rotate the body, see the electrode position in place — and check the neighbouring muscles right away. View in 3D Viewer

Recording notes & source

per Criswell 2011, site „Low-Back (Erector Spinae) at L-3“, p. 342

Placement type
Quasi-specific site Neighbouring muscles contribute noticeably to the signal — allow for crosstalk.
Signal check
Forward flexion of the torso and return to midline.
Crosstalk from
iliocostalis and longissimus lie over the multifidus — surface recording does not separate them · quadratus lumborum · latissimus dorsi
Artefacts
Skin distortion during flexion/extension → electrodes may slip or pop; ECG common on the left side.

The position above follows SENIAM; the crosstalk and artefact notes apply to surface recording of this muscle in general.

Print as a session sheet · A4 with landmarks, signal check and MVC test
Source: SENIAM (Hermens 2000) ↗

Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;10(5):361-74.

Based on SENIAM recommendations (Hermens et al. 2000). Not an official SENIAM product. See all references → · SENIAM reference table · How electrodes are placed (guide) · Glossary

All 49 muscle protocols as a PDF — free
Print-ready for the lab or clinic: 77 pages of protocols (SENIAM + peer-reviewed), plus the SENIAM table, a placement checklist and a sensor comparison sheet as A4 sheets.

Anatomy & Function

The M. Multifidus (Multifidus) is a muscle of the trunk posterior region. It is responsible for segmental stabilization of the spine, extension and rotation of individual vertebral segments. This muscle is one of 26 with official SENIAM-recommended surface EMG electrode placement. This page documents the exact electrode position, anatomical attachments and a standardized test movement based on Hermens et al. (2000).

Function Segmental stabilization of the spine, extension and rotation of individual vertebral segments Origin Os sacrum (dorsal), mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae Insertion Spinous processes of the 2-4 vertebrae above Innervation Dorsal rami of the spinal nerves at the corresponding level; innervation overlaps one to two segments above and below

Innervation after Perotto AO, Anatomical Guide for the Electromyographer, 5th ed. 2011 — an anatomical reference, not an electrode placement recommendation.

Clinical applications (SENIAM)

  • Chronic low back pain therapy
  • Postural correction for scoliosis
  • Deadlift and squat biomechanics

Test Movement

Trunk extension from prone position with slight rotation against resistance

MVC reference test (Konrad 2005) – M. Multifidus: Prone on a bench, trunk extension (upper body lifted against resistance). Detail: group test, sensor on the reference muscle of the group (M. Longissimus Thoracis)
Group test — image shows the reference muscle of the group (M. Longissimus Thoracis). Illustration shows the left side; the set-up is mirrored for the right side.

MVC reference test (Konrad 2005)

Position
Prone on a bench, trunk extension (upper body lifted against resistance).
Fixation
Legs and pelvis fixed on the bench.
Resistance
Manual resistance or belt across the upper back, extension against it.
Control exercise
Isolated back extension at a machine as the check exercise.

Konrad: a very productive position — the whole posterior chain is facilitated, so gluteus and hamstring maxima may appear here as well.

Konrad P. The ABC of EMG. Noraxon; 2005, p. 32. Konrad describes this test at group level; it applies to all muscles of the group. · Why and how to normalise to MVC

Measure M. Multifidus activity live

The electrode is placed — what next? easyEMG visualises muscle activity in real time, with SENIAM-compliant placement guidance, up to 4 channels at once and biofeedback training right afterwards.

In therapy, this muscle is usually about tone regulation and consciously relaxing below a threshold.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where do I place the EMG electrode on the M. Multifidus?

On the line from the caudal tip of the posterior superior iliac spine to the L1/L2 interspace, at the level of the L5 spinous process - about 2-3 cm from the midline. Orientation: In the direction of that line; inter-electrode distance max. 20 mm, electrode size max. 10 mm along the fibres. Based on the official SENIAM recommendations (Hermens et al. 2000).

Which test movement activates the M. Multifidus?

Trunk extension from prone position with slight rotation against resistance. This movement is part of the SENIAM protocol for standardized contraction verification.

Is the M. Multifidus a SENIAM-recommended muscle?

Yes. The M. Multifidus is one of 26 muscles for which the SENIAM project has published official surface EMG electrode placement recommendations.

More muscles: Trunk Posterior All in this region →

EMG Guide as PDF — free
49 muscle protocols (SENIAM + peer-reviewed) on 77 pages, print-ready.