{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Dataset",
    "name": "M. Soleus — surface EMG electrode placement",
    "id": "soleus_l",
    "slug": "soleus-l",
    "url": {
        "en": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/soleus-l",
        "de": "https://emgguide.de/de/muscle/soleus-l",
        "viewer3d": "https://emgguide.de/?muscle=soleus_l",
        "json": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/soleus-l.json"
    },
    "names": {
        "latin": "M. Soleus",
        "en": "Soleus",
        "de": "Schollenmuskel"
    },
    "side": "left",
    "region": {
        "key": "LOWER_LEG",
        "en": "Lower Leg",
        "de": "Unterschenkel"
    },
    "placementStandard": "SENIAM (Hermens et al. 2000)",
    "source": {
        "url": "http://seniam.org/soleus.html",
        "short": "SENIAM (Hermens 2000)",
        "citation": "Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;10(5):361-74."
    },
    "electrode": {
        "position": {
            "en": "2/3 on line from medial femoral condyle to medial malleolus",
            "de": "2/3 auf Linie vom medialen Femurkondylus zum Malleolus medialis"
        },
        "orientation": {
            "en": "Along the line medial femoral condyle–medial malleolus",
            "de": "Richtung Linie medialer Femurkondylus–Malleolus medialis"
        },
        "sensorRules": "bipolar Ag/AgCl, ≤ 10 mm conductive diameter, 20 mm inter-electrode distance, parallel to fibres, reference electrode on bone (SENIAM)"
    },
    "landmarks": null,
    "anatomy": {
        "function": {
            "en": "Ankle plantar flexion (single-joint, knee-independent), postural stabilization in standing",
            "de": "Plantarflexion im Sprunggelenk (eingelenkig, knieunabhängig), posturale Stabilisation im Stand"
        },
        "origin": {
            "en": "Fibular head, proximal third of the fibula (dorsal), soleal line of the tibia",
            "de": "Caput fibulae, proximales Drittel der Fibula (dorsal), Linea musculi solei der Tibia"
        },
        "insertion": {
            "en": "Calcaneus (via Achilles tendon / tendo calcaneus, together with gastrocnemius)",
            "de": "Calcaneus (über Achillessehne / Tendo calcaneus, gemeinsam mit Gastrocnemius)"
        },
        "innervation": {
            "en": "Tibial nerve, L5–S2",
            "de": "N. tibialis, L5–S2"
        }
    },
    "testMovement": {
        "en": "Plantar flexion against resistance with flexed knee (isolated from gastrocnemius)",
        "de": "Plantarflexion gegen Widerstand bei gebeugtem Knie (isoliert vom Gastrocnemius)"
    },
    "placementNotes": {
        "source": "Criswell E. Cram's Introduction to Surface Electromyography. 2nd ed. Jones & Bartlett; 2011, p. 374",
        "site": "Soleus",
        "placementType": "quasi-specific",
        "signalCheck": {
            "de": "Im Stand nach vorn lehnen.",
            "en": "Lean forward while standing."
        },
        "crosstalk": {
            "de": [
                "Gastrocnemius"
            ],
            "en": [
                "gastrocnemius"
            ]
        },
        "artifacts": null
    },
    "mvcTest": {
        "source": "Konrad P. The ABC of EMG. Noraxon; 2005, p. 32",
        "group": "soleus",
        "en": {
            "position": "Seated, knee flexed to about 90°, unilateral plantar flexion.",
            "fixation": "Very rigid fixation of the knee (load or machine pad on the thigh) because of the high forces.",
            "resistance": "Fixed footplate or load on the knee, plantar flexion against it.",
            "control": "Important check exercise for the gastrocnemius, which is at a disadvantage with the knee flexed.",
            "note": "With the knee flexed the gastrocnemius is shortened, so the soleus dominates the plantar flexion."
        },
        "de": {
            "position": "Sitzend, Knie etwa 90° gebeugt, einseitige Plantarflexion.",
            "fixation": "Sehr starre Kniefixierung (Last oder Gerätepolster auf dem Oberschenkel) wegen der hohen Kräfte.",
            "resistance": "Fixierte Fußplatte oder Last auf dem Knie, Plantarflexion dagegen.",
            "control": "Wichtige Kontrollübung für den Gastrocnemius, der bei gebeugtem Knie im Nachteil ist.",
            "note": "Bei gebeugtem Knie ist der Gastrocnemius verkürzt, deshalb dominiert der Soleus die Plantarflexion."
        }
    },
    "measurability": "surface EMG",
    "license": "Free to cite with attribution to emgguide.de. Electrode placements based on SENIAM (Hermens et al. 2000) and the cited literature; not an official SENIAM product; not a substitute for medical advice.",
    "publisher": {
        "name": "EMG Guide (menios GmbH)",
        "url": "https://emgguide.de/"
    },
    "dateModified": "2026-10-21"
}