{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Dataset",
    "name": "M. Rectus Abdominis — surface EMG electrode placement",
    "id": "rectus_abdominis_l",
    "slug": "rectus-abdominis-l",
    "url": {
        "en": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/rectus-abdominis-l",
        "de": "https://emgguide.de/de/muscle/rectus-abdominis-l",
        "viewer3d": "https://emgguide.de/?muscle=rectus_abdominis_l",
        "json": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/rectus-abdominis-l.json"
    },
    "names": {
        "latin": "M. Rectus Abdominis",
        "en": "Rectus Abdominis",
        "de": "Gerader Bauchmuskel"
    },
    "side": "left",
    "region": {
        "key": "TRUNK_ANTERIOR",
        "en": "Trunk Anterior",
        "de": "Rumpf Vorne"
    },
    "placementStandard": "adapted from peer-reviewed literature (see source)",
    "source": {
        "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9532434/",
        "short": "Ng et al. 1998",
        "citation": "Ng JK-F, Kippers V, Richardson CA. Muscle fibre orientation of abdominal muscles and suggested surface EMG electrode positions. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1998;38(1):51-58."
    },
    "electrode": {
        "position": {
            "en": "4cm lateral to the midline, at the level of the navel",
            "de": "4cm lateral der Mittellinie, auf Höhe des Nabels"
        },
        "orientation": {
            "en": "Parallel to the muscle (vertical)",
            "de": "Parallel zum Muskel (vertikal)"
        },
        "sensorRules": "bipolar Ag/AgCl, ≤ 10 mm conductive diameter, 20 mm inter-electrode distance, parallel to fibres, reference electrode on bone (SENIAM)"
    },
    "landmarks": null,
    "anatomy": {
        "function": {
            "en": "Spinal flexion, compression of abdominal viscera, trunk stabilization",
            "de": "Flexion der Wirbelsäule, Kompression der Baucheingeweide, Stabilisation des Rumpfes"
        },
        "origin": {
            "en": "Pubic crest and pubic symphysis",
            "de": "Crista pubica und Symphysis pubica"
        },
        "insertion": {
            "en": "5th-7th costal cartilages, xiphoid process of the sternum",
            "de": "5.–7. Rippenknorpel, Processus xiphoideus des Sternums"
        },
        "innervation": {
            "en": "Intercostal nerves T7–T12",
            "de": "Nn. intercostales T7–T12"
        }
    },
    "testMovement": {
        "en": "Trunk flexion from supine position (crunch) against resistance",
        "de": "Oberkörper aus Rückenlage anheben (Crunch) gegen Widerstand"
    },
    "placementNotes": {
        "source": "Criswell E. Cram's Introduction to Surface Electromyography. 2nd ed. Jones & Bartlett; 2011, p. 348",
        "site": "Rectus Abdominis",
        "placementType": "specific",
        "signalCheck": null,
        "crosstalk": null,
        "artifacts": {
            "de": "Dicke Fettgewebsschicht dämpft das Signal; EKG.",
            "en": "A thick adipose layer attenuates the signal; ECG."
        }
    },
    "mvcTest": {
        "source": "Konrad P. The ABC of EMG. Noraxon; 2005, p. 32",
        "group": "abdominals",
        "en": {
            "position": "Supine, knees bent, sit-up style: flex the spine by about 30° and hold that position.",
            "fixation": "Very good leg fixation is essential; hold the 30° position with a belt or manually.",
            "resistance": "Belt or manual resistance against the chest, trunk flexion against it.",
            "control": "Run the oblique tests in the same session; different subjects reach their maximum in different exercises.",
            "note": "Konrad: a valid abdominal MVC is difficult to arrange — try two or three variants in random order and take the highest."
        },
        "de": {
            "position": "Rückenlage, Knie gebeugt, Sit-up-artig: Wirbelsäule etwa 30° beugen und die Position halten.",
            "fixation": "Sehr gute Beinfixierung ist entscheidend; die 30°-Position mit Gurt oder manuell halten.",
            "resistance": "Gurt oder manueller Widerstand an der Brust, Rumpfflexion dagegen.",
            "control": "Die Tests für die Obliqui in derselben Sitzung laufen lassen; verschiedene Personen erreichen ihr Maximum in verschiedenen Übungen.",
            "note": "Konrad: ein valider Bauchmuskel-MVC ist schwer aufzubauen — zwei bis drei Varianten in zufälliger Reihenfolge testen und den höchsten Wert nehmen."
        }
    },
    "measurability": "surface EMG",
    "license": "Free to cite with attribution to emgguide.de. Electrode placements based on SENIAM (Hermens et al. 2000) and the cited literature; not an official SENIAM product; not a substitute for medical advice.",
    "publisher": {
        "name": "EMG Guide (menios GmbH)",
        "url": "https://emgguide.de/"
    },
    "dateModified": "2026-09-24"
}