{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Dataset",
    "name": "M. Pectoralis Major Pars Sternocostalis — surface EMG electrode placement",
    "id": "pectoralis_major_sternocostal_l",
    "slug": "pectoralis-major-sternocostal-l",
    "url": {
        "en": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/pectoralis-major-sternocostal-l",
        "de": "https://emgguide.de/de/muscle/pectoralis-major-sternocostal-l",
        "viewer3d": "https://emgguide.de/?muscle=pectoralis_major_sternocostal_l",
        "json": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/pectoralis-major-sternocostal-l.json"
    },
    "names": {
        "latin": "M. Pectoralis Major Pars Sternocostalis",
        "en": "Pectoralis Major (Sternocostal Head)",
        "de": "Mittlerer Brustmuskel"
    },
    "side": "left",
    "region": {
        "key": "SHOULDER",
        "en": "Shoulder",
        "de": "Schulter"
    },
    "placementStandard": "adapted from peer-reviewed literature (see source)",
    "source": {
        "url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234002036",
        "short": "Król et al. 2007",
        "citation": "Król H, Sobota G, Nawrat A. Effect of electrode position on EMG recording in pectoralis major. J Hum Kinet. 2007;17:105-112."
    },
    "electrode": {
        "position": {
            "en": "Over the pars sternocostalis, close to the sternum - of three sites compared, the medial one yielded the highest activity",
            "de": "Über der Pars sternocostalis, sternumnah - im Vergleich dreier Ableitstellen lieferte die mediale die höchste Aktivität"
        },
        "orientation": {
            "en": "Along the muscle fibres, 2 cm inter-electrode distance",
            "de": "Entlang des Faserverlaufs, Elektrodenabstand 2 cm"
        },
        "sensorRules": "bipolar Ag/AgCl, ≤ 10 mm conductive diameter, 20 mm inter-electrode distance, parallel to fibres, reference electrode on bone (SENIAM)"
    },
    "landmarks": null,
    "anatomy": {
        "function": {
            "en": "Adduction, internal rotation at shoulder joint, accessory respiratory muscle (inspiration)",
            "de": "Adduktion, Innenrotation im Schultergelenk, Atemhilfsmuskel (Inspiration)"
        },
        "origin": {
            "en": "Sternum, cartilage of 2nd–6th rib",
            "de": "Sternum, Knorpel der 2.–6. Rippe"
        },
        "insertion": {
            "en": "Crest of greater tubercle of humerus",
            "de": "Crista tuberculi majoris des Humerus"
        },
        "innervation": {
            "en": "Medial pectoral nerve (medial cord), C7–T1",
            "de": "N. pectoralis medialis (Fasciculus medialis), C7–T1"
        }
    },
    "testMovement": {
        "en": "Adduction of arm against resistance in front of body",
        "de": "Adduktion des Armes gegen Widerstand vor dem Körper"
    },
    "placementNotes": {
        "source": "Criswell E. Cram's Introduction to Surface Electromyography. 2nd ed. Jones & Bartlett; 2011, p. 307",
        "site": "Pectoralis Major (Clavicular and Sternal)",
        "placementType": "specific",
        "signalCheck": {
            "de": "Arm nach vorn heben, über 90° abduzieren, innenrotieren oder horizontal adduzieren.",
            "en": "Flex the arm, abduct above 90°, medially rotate or horizontally adduct."
        },
        "crosstalk": {
            "de": [
                "vorderer Deltoideus",
                "klavikulärer Pectoralis-Anteil",
                "Pectoralis minor"
            ],
            "en": [
                "anterior deltoid",
                "clavicular portion of pectoralis major",
                "pectoralis minor"
            ]
        },
        "artifacts": {
            "de": "EKG (linke Seite besonders).",
            "en": "ECG (especially on the left side)."
        }
    },
    "mvcTest": {
        "source": "Konrad P. The ABC of EMG. Noraxon; 2005, p. 31",
        "group": "pectoralis",
        "en": {
            "position": "Prone on a bench pressing against a fixed long bar, or a push-up position; both at 90° elbow flexion. Seated alternative: both hands press a rigid block in front of the chest.",
            "fixation": "Very good shoulder and back support is the decisive factor in every variant.",
            "resistance": "Fixed bar (prone) or the floor (push-up); pressing / horizontal adduction against it.",
            "control": "The pectoralis test is itself the control exercise for the triceps.",
            "note": "Konrad: numerous test positions are possible; the bar and push-up variants are the easiest to arrange. Compare the clavicular, sternocostal and abdominal parts in different arm angles."
        },
        "de": {
            "position": "Bauchlage auf der Bank mit Druck gegen eine fixierte lange Stange oder Liegestützposition; jeweils 90° Ellbogenbeugung. Sitzende Alternative: beide Hände drücken einen starren Block vor der Brust.",
            "fixation": "Sehr gute Schulter- und Rückenabstützung ist in jeder Variante entscheidend.",
            "resistance": "Fixierte Stange (Bauchlage) oder der Boden (Liegestütz); Drücken / horizontale Adduktion dagegen.",
            "control": "Der Pectoralis-Test ist selbst die Kontrollübung für den Triceps.",
            "note": "Konrad: zahlreiche Testpositionen möglich; Stange und Liegestütz sind am einfachsten aufzubauen. Pars clavicularis, sternocostalis und abdominalis in unterschiedlichen Armwinkeln vergleichen."
        }
    },
    "measurability": "surface EMG",
    "license": "Free to cite with attribution to emgguide.de. Electrode placements based on SENIAM (Hermens et al. 2000) and the cited literature; not an official SENIAM product; not a substitute for medical advice.",
    "publisher": {
        "name": "EMG Guide (menios GmbH)",
        "url": "https://emgguide.de/"
    },
    "dateModified": "2026-09-24"
}