{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Dataset",
    "name": "M. Infraspinatus — surface EMG electrode placement",
    "id": "infraspinatus_l",
    "slug": "infraspinatus-l",
    "url": {
        "en": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/infraspinatus-l",
        "de": "https://emgguide.de/de/muscle/infraspinatus-l",
        "viewer3d": "https://emgguide.de/?muscle=infraspinatus_l",
        "json": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/infraspinatus-l.json"
    },
    "names": {
        "latin": "M. Infraspinatus",
        "en": "Infraspinatus",
        "de": "Untergrätenmuskel"
    },
    "side": "left",
    "region": {
        "key": "SHOULDER",
        "en": "Shoulder",
        "de": "Schulter"
    },
    "placementStandard": "adapted from peer-reviewed literature (see source)",
    "source": {
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.20675",
        "short": "Boettcher et al. 2008",
        "citation": "Boettcher CE, Ginn KA, Cathers I. Standard maximum isometric voluntary contraction tests for normalizing shoulder muscle EMG. J Orthop Res. 2008;26(12):1591-1597."
    },
    "electrode": {
        "position": {
            "en": "4cm below spine of scapula, over infraspinous fossa",
            "de": "4cm unter Spina scapulae, über Fossa infraspinata"
        },
        "orientation": {
            "en": "Parallel to spine of scapula",
            "de": "Parallel zur Spina scapulae"
        },
        "sensorRules": "bipolar Ag/AgCl, ≤ 10 mm conductive diameter, 20 mm inter-electrode distance, parallel to fibres, reference electrode on bone (SENIAM)"
    },
    "landmarks": null,
    "anatomy": {
        "function": {
            "en": "External rotation at shoulder joint, stabilization of humeral head (rotator cuff)",
            "de": "Außenrotation im Schultergelenk, Stabilisierung des Humeruskopfes (Rotatorenmanschette)"
        },
        "origin": {
            "en": "Infraspinous fossa of scapula",
            "de": "Fossa infraspinata der Scapula"
        },
        "insertion": {
            "en": "Greater tubercle of humerus (middle facet)",
            "de": "Tuberculum majus des Humerus (mittlere Facette)"
        },
        "innervation": {
            "en": "Suprascapular nerve (upper trunk), C5–C6",
            "de": "N. suprascapularis (Truncus superior), C5–C6"
        }
    },
    "testMovement": {
        "en": "External rotation of arm at 90 degrees abduction against resistance",
        "de": "Außenrotation des Armes bei 90° Abduktion gegen Widerstand"
    },
    "placementNotes": {
        "source": "Criswell E. Cram's Introduction to Surface Electromyography. 2nd ed. Jones & Bartlett; 2011, p. 302",
        "site": "Infraspinatus",
        "placementType": "specific",
        "signalCheck": null,
        "crosstalk": {
            "de": [
                "hinterer Deltoideus",
                "Teres major",
                "Teres minor"
            ],
            "en": [
                "posterior deltoid",
                "teres major",
                "teres minor"
            ]
        },
        "artifacts": {
            "de": "EKG.",
            "en": "ECG."
        }
    },
    "mvcTest": {
        "source": "Konrad P. The ABC of EMG. Noraxon; 2005, p. 31",
        "group": "infraspinatus",
        "en": {
            "position": "Seated or standing, elbow at 90° and held at the side, forearm pointing forward.",
            "fixation": "Elbow kept at the trunk (towel between arm and body helps).",
            "resistance": "Uni- or bilateral manual resistance against the forearm, external rotation against it.",
            "control": "—",
            "note": "As the most important external rotator of the cuff, any related external-rotation task works."
        },
        "de": {
            "position": "Sitzend oder stehend, Ellbogen 90° am Körper, Unterarm zeigt nach vorn.",
            "fixation": "Ellbogen bleibt am Rumpf (ein Handtuch zwischen Arm und Körper hilft).",
            "resistance": "Ein- oder beidseitiger manueller Widerstand gegen den Unterarm, Außenrotation dagegen.",
            "control": "—",
            "note": "Als wichtigster Außenrotator der Rotatorenmanschette funktioniert jede entsprechende Außenrotationsaufgabe."
        }
    },
    "measurability": "surface EMG",
    "license": "Free to cite with attribution to emgguide.de. Electrode placements based on SENIAM (Hermens et al. 2000) and the cited literature; not an official SENIAM product; not a substitute for medical advice.",
    "publisher": {
        "name": "EMG Guide (menios GmbH)",
        "url": "https://emgguide.de/"
    },
    "dateModified": "2026-10-21"
}