{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Dataset",
    "name": "M. Gastrocnemius Caput Laterale — surface EMG electrode placement",
    "id": "gastrocnemius_lateralis_l",
    "slug": "gastrocnemius-lateralis-l",
    "url": {
        "en": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/gastrocnemius-lateralis-l",
        "de": "https://emgguide.de/de/muscle/gastrocnemius-lateralis-l",
        "viewer3d": "https://emgguide.de/?muscle=gastrocnemius_lateralis_l",
        "json": "https://emgguide.de/muscle/gastrocnemius-lateralis-l.json"
    },
    "names": {
        "latin": "M. Gastrocnemius Caput Laterale",
        "en": "Gastrocnemius (Lateral Head)",
        "de": "Äußerer Wadenmuskel"
    },
    "side": "left",
    "region": {
        "key": "LOWER_LEG",
        "en": "Lower Leg",
        "de": "Unterschenkel"
    },
    "placementStandard": "SENIAM (Hermens et al. 2000)",
    "source": {
        "url": "http://seniam.org/gastrocnemiuslateralis.html",
        "short": "SENIAM (Hermens 2000)",
        "citation": "Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;10(5):361-74."
    },
    "electrode": {
        "position": {
            "en": "1/3 on line between fibular head and heel",
            "de": "1/3 auf Linie zwischen Fibulaköpfchen und Ferse"
        },
        "orientation": {
            "en": "Along the line fibular head–heel",
            "de": "Richtung Linie Fibulaköpfchen–Ferse"
        },
        "sensorRules": "bipolar Ag/AgCl, ≤ 10 mm conductive diameter, 20 mm inter-electrode distance, parallel to fibres, reference electrode on bone (SENIAM)"
    },
    "landmarks": {
        "rule": "electrode at fraction t of the line from a to b",
        "a": {
            "id": "fibular_head",
            "en": "Fibular head",
            "de": "Fibulakopf",
            "model_xyz_m": null
        },
        "b": {
            "id": "heel",
            "en": "Heel",
            "de": "Ferse",
            "model_xyz_m": null
        },
        "t": 0.333299999999999985167420391007908619940280914306640625,
        "extra": null,
        "note": null,
        "coordinates": "model space of the 3D viewer (metres, y up); for orientation only, not body measurements"
    },
    "anatomy": {
        "function": {
            "en": "Ankle plantar flexion, knee flexion (biarticular), push-off during walking/running",
            "de": "Plantarflexion im Sprunggelenk, Flexion im Kniegelenk (zweigelenkig), Abstoß beim Gehen/Laufen"
        },
        "origin": {
            "en": "Lateral epicondyle of the femur (posterior)",
            "de": "Epicondylus lateralis des Femurs (posterior)"
        },
        "insertion": {
            "en": "Calcaneus (via Achilles tendon / tendo calcaneus)",
            "de": "Calcaneus (über Achillessehne / Tendo calcaneus)"
        },
        "innervation": {
            "en": "Tibial nerve, S1–S2",
            "de": "N. tibialis, S1–S2"
        }
    },
    "testMovement": {
        "en": "Heel raise (single leg) or plantar flexion against resistance with extended knee",
        "de": "Zehenstand (einbeinig) oder Plantarflexion gegen Widerstand bei gestrecktem Knie"
    },
    "placementNotes": {
        "source": "Criswell E. Cram's Introduction to Surface Electromyography. 2nd ed. Jones & Bartlett; 2011, p. 374",
        "site": "Gastrocnemius",
        "placementType": "specific",
        "signalCheck": {
            "de": "Im Stand nach vorn lehnen; Fuß plantarflektieren (Zehenspitze strecken) bzw. auf die Zehenspitzen stellen.",
            "en": "Lean forward while standing; plantar-flex the foot (point the toe) or rise onto the toes."
        },
        "crosstalk": {
            "de": [
                "medialer Gastrocnemius-Kopf",
                "Peroneus longus",
                "Tibialis posterior",
                "Flexor hallucis longus",
                "Flexor digitorum longus"
            ],
            "en": [
                "medial gastrocnemius head",
                "peroneus longus",
                "tibialis posterior",
                "flexor hallucis longus",
                "flexor digitorum longus"
            ]
        },
        "artifacts": null
    },
    "mvcTest": {
        "source": "Konrad P. The ABC of EMG. Noraxon; 2005, p. 32",
        "group": "gastrocnemius",
        "en": {
            "position": "Unilateral plantar flexion at a 90° ankle position with the knee extended; standing single-leg heel raise as a field alternative.",
            "fixation": "Very rigid (machine) resistance against the fixed hip; standing: hands on a rail for balance only.",
            "resistance": "Fixed footplate or body weight plus load, plantar flexion against it.",
            "control": "The soleus test (knee flexed) is the check exercise.",
            "note": "Konrad: one of the strongest human muscle groups — the triceps surae needs very rigid resistance, otherwise the maximum is not reached."
        },
        "de": {
            "position": "Einseitige Plantarflexion bei 90°-Sprunggelenksstellung mit gestrecktem Knie; einbeiniger Zehenstand als Praxis-Alternative.",
            "fixation": "Sehr starrer (Geräte-)Widerstand gegen die fixierte Hüfte; im Stand nur eine Haltestange zum Gleichgewicht.",
            "resistance": "Fixierte Fußplatte oder Körpergewicht plus Last, Plantarflexion dagegen.",
            "control": "Der Soleus-Test (Knie gebeugt) ist die Kontrollübung.",
            "note": "Konrad: eine der stärksten Muskelgruppen des Menschen — der Triceps surae braucht sehr starren Widerstand, sonst wird das Maximum nicht erreicht."
        }
    },
    "measurability": "surface EMG",
    "license": "Free to cite with attribution to emgguide.de. Electrode placements based on SENIAM (Hermens et al. 2000) and the cited literature; not an official SENIAM product; not a substitute for medical advice.",
    "publisher": {
        "name": "EMG Guide (menios GmbH)",
        "url": "https://emgguide.de/"
    },
    "dateModified": "2026-10-21"
}